Witkoff's Peace Proposal Aimed at Ending the War in Ukraine
In a dramatic and highly controversial initiative that has reignited global debate over the future of Ukraine and European security, real estate magnate and Trump adviser Steven Witkoff has unveiled a comprehensive peace proposal aimed at ending the war in Ukraine. First reported by The Wall Street Journal, Bloomberg, and The New York Times in late November 2025, the 28-point plan — dubbed “Witkoff’s Peace Proposal” — presents a sweeping, U.S.-mediated framework that would require profound concessions from both Ukraine and the West, while offering Russia significant strategic and economic rewards.
At its heart, Witkoff’s proposal seeks to freeze the conflict on terms that would effectively legitimize Russia’s territorial gains while embedding Ukraine into a new, constrained security architecture.
The plan begins with a rhetorical affirmation of Ukraine’s sovereignty — a necessary fig leaf for Western audiences — but quickly pivots to concrete measures that would permanently alter Ukraine’s geopolitical trajectory. Most notably, Ukraine would be constitutionally barred from joining NATO, and NATO would formally pledge never to extend membership to Kyiv. In return, NATO would agree not to station troops or military infrastructure on Ukrainian soil — a direct reversal of current Western policy.
To ensure compliance, the proposal calls for a U.S.-mediated Russia–NATO security dialogue, a U.S.–Russia working group to monitor adherence, and the legal codification of Russian non-aggression pledges toward Ukraine and Europe. Simultaneously, Ukraine’s armed forces would be capped at 600,000 troops — a significant reduction from its current mobilized strength — and it would remain a non-nuclear state, reinforcing its dependence on Western security guarantees rather than self-reliance.
Territorial Concessions: The De Facto Recognition of Annexation
The most contentious element of the proposal lies in its territorial provisions. Ukrainian forces would withdraw from remaining Kyiv-held areas of Donetsk, creating a demilitarized buffer zone that would be “recognized as Russian territory.” While the proposal claims both sides will “not change territorial arrangements by force,” critics argue this is a de facto international recognition of Russia’s illegal annexations of Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson — territories seized since 2014 and fully occupied since 2022.
This concession, if implemented, would mark the largest territorial realignment in Europe since the end of World War II — and would fundamentally undermine the post-Cold War order built on the principle that borders cannot be changed by force.
Economic Engine: Frozen Assets as Reconstruction Fuel
Witkoff’s economic plan is equally ambitious. It proposes using $100 billion of frozen Russian assets — held primarily in Western banks — to fund Ukraine’s reconstruction, with the U.S. receiving 50% of the profits generated from those assets. Europe would contribute an additional $100 billion. The remainder of frozen Russian funds would be redirected to joint U.S.–Russia investment projects, signaling a dramatic thaw in economic relations.
The proposal further calls for Russia’s phased reintegration into the global economy, including an invitation to rejoin the G8 — a move that would reverse the Western diplomatic isolation imposed after the 2014 annexation of Crimea. Russia would also guarantee Ukraine’s free commercial use of the Dnieper River and establish agreements on Black Sea grain exports — critical for global food security.
Humanitarian and Political Measures: Elections and Amnesty
On the humanitarian front, the proposal includes a humanitarian committee to oversee prisoner exchanges, repatriation of civilians, and family reunifications — widely welcomed by international NGOs. It also mandates that Ukraine hold elections within 100 days of signing the agreement and grants full wartime amnesty to all parties, including Russian soldiers and Ukrainian collaborators — a provision that has drawn sharp criticism from human rights advocates.
Enforcement: Trump at the Helm
Perhaps the most politically explosive feature is the proposal’s enforcement mechanism: a “Peace Council” chaired by former President Donald Trump, empowered to impose sanctions or penalties for violations. This unprecedented role for a private citizen — and a former U.S. president with known pro-Russia leanings — has drawn bipartisan alarm in Washington. Critics warn it would undermine international law and institutional legitimacy, turning diplomacy into a personal project.
Reactions: Polarization Across the Globe
Reactions have been sharply divided. In Kyiv: Ukrainian officials have called the plan “a surrender disguised as peace,” warning it would cement Russian occupation and betray Ukraine’s sacrifices. President Zelenskyy’s office stated, “No peace that requires Ukraine to abandon its sovereignty or future in Europe can be legitimate.”
In Moscow: Russian state media hailed the proposal as “a realistic and dignified path forward,” with Foreign Ministry spokesperson Maria Zakharova calling it “the first serious Western acknowledgment of Russia’s security needs.”
In Brussels and Washington: NATO allies expressed deep skepticism. German Chancellor Olaf Scholz said the plan “violates the spirit of the UN Charter,” while U.S. Senator Bob Menendez called it “a dangerous appeasement that would embolden authoritarianism.” However, some conservative voices in the U.S., including former Trump officials, have praised it as “pragmatic statecraft.”
In Global South: Many non-aligned nations welcomed the economic reintegration of Russia, seeing it as a step toward multipolarity — but questioned why Ukraine bore the full cost of peace.
Witkoff’s proposal is not a negotiation — it is a blueprint for a new European order, one in which military conquest is rewarded with economic rehabilitation and strategic legitimacy. It offers Ukraine security guarantees but at the cost of its sovereignty, neutrality, and future aspirations.
While it may offer a path to an immediate ceasefire — and relief for millions of war-weary civilians — it does so by codifying the results of aggression. As one European diplomat told Reuters: “This isn’t peace. It’s the institutionalization of defeat.”
Whether the proposal gains traction — particularly with Trump’s potential return to the White House in 2025 — remains uncertain. But one thing is clear: Witkoff has forced the world to confront an uncomfortable question: At what price do we end a war — and what kind of world do we create when we do?
Source: The Wall Street Journal, Bloomberg, The New York Times, Reuters, and BBC as of November 20–21, 2025.
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